Akitu

Akitu
   The Akkadian name for Mesopotamia's largest agricultural holiday and religious festival. (The original Sumerian name was Akiti.) Many communities celebrated Akitu directly after the spring barley harvest, barley being the region's principal grain. Because the spring equinox was viewed as the start of a new year, Akitu was often also a New Year's celebration. The holiday lasted for twelve days, beginning on March 20 or 21, in the month of Nisan. Based on surviving evidence from Babylon, the first six days or so featured private ceremonies conducted by a local high priest. The last six days involved lavish public rites dedicated to Marduk, chief god of the Babylonian pantheon. Also honored was Marduk's son, Nabu. The king accompanied the sacred image of Marduk as priests or worshippers carried it from that god's temple. The procession marched into Nabu's temple to a spot called the Shrine of Destinies, where supposedly the god revealed whether the king would enjoy success in the year to come. That destiny was announced with great pomp in public. And there were several elaborate feasts. When the sacred procession returned the image of Marduk to the main temple, the king may have made love to a specially chosen young woman in a reenactment of a mythical coupling of the goddess Inanna and the divine shepherd Dumuzi. However, this aspect of the festival is still uncertain and is debated by scholars. Versions of the festival held in other parts of Mesopotamia probably singled out different gods and had other local variations.
   See also: farming; Inanna; Marduk; religion

Ancient Mesopotamia dictioary. . 2015.

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  • AKITU — Mot qui désigne, dans la civilisation assyro babylonienne, à la fois une des plus importantes fêtes du calendrier liturgique et civil et, en même temps, le temple où une part essentielle du rituel se déroulait. Peu de textes nous en transmettent… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Akitu — (terme akkadien dérivé du sumérien A.KI.TI) est le nom d une des fêtes religieuses majeures ayant lieu dans la Mésopotamie antique. Présente dans plusieurs des grandes villes sacrées de cette région, sa version la mieux connue est la grande fête… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Akitu — Das Akitu Fest (auch Akitu, Akiti, Akiti Fest; sumerisch Akiti šekinku und Akiti šununum , babylonisch Rêš šattim) zählt zu den ältesten Festen der Welt. Ursprünglich wurde das Neujahrsfest in Sumer (Uruk) unter dem Namen Fest der Gerstenaussaat… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • AKITU —    Akkadian term for the New Year festivities that took place around the spring equinox, when the crops of the winter barley were harvested. Such celebrations occurred in most Mesopotamian cities and have an ancient origin; those performed at… …   Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia

  • Assyrian new year — The Assyrian new year (Assyrian: Akitu ) lies on April 1. Traditionally falling on the vernal equinox, it was moved to April 1 when the Gregorian calendar was adopted by Assyrian Christians. The festival is called Akitu in ancient Assyrian and… …   Wikipedia

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